We welcome you to come and read through our latest, March, edition of Modern Medicine.
This month we have a jam packed edition for you. Our features this month include; Opthalmology, Cardiology, Woundcare, Neurology & CNS and many more.
We encourage all of our readers to complete the CPD questionnaire for this edition, this can be done on the answer-form included in the magazine, or on our website CPD system.
Modern Medicine, the journal that’s with you wherever you go.
Chronic Pain, Opioids and Dependence A role for every GP
Patients with opioid dependence are a common presentation in
general practice. Stable patients taking medications for pain who
are opioid dependent should ideally be managed in routine
general practice. As well as usual primary care, opioid use or opioid
substitution treatment needs monitoring in these patients.
Shared care with pain and addiction specialists is an effective way for
GPs to provide care to patients with addiction.
Modern Medicine – March 2018
Interferons – Fewer Relapses in Multiple Sclerosis
The introduction of interferon beta therapies more than 20 years ago marked a milestone in the treatment of
relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) with a significant impact on the approach to modern multiple
sclerosis (MS) care. The continuous development of interferon’s over the past two decades outlines a journey
with increased understanding of the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetic mechanisms of interferons, leading
to innovative formulations with an improved benefit/risk profile.
Modern Medicine – March 2018
Major Depressive Disorder: Diagnosing and Treatment
The construct of major depressive disorder makes no etiological
assumptions about populations with diverse symptom clusters.
“Depressed mood” and “loss of interest or pleasure in nearly all
activities” are core features of a major depressive episode, though
a strong case can be made to pay increasing attention to symptoms of
fatigue, sleep disturbance, anxiety and neurocognitive and sexual
dysfunction in the diagnosis. Mood, guilt, work and interest,
as well as psychic anxiety, are consistently identified across
validated subscales of the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale as
prevalent and sensitive to change with existing treatments.
Modern Medicine – March 2018
Cerebral Aneurysms and Subarachnoid Haemorrhage Avoiding the diagnostic pitfalls
Subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) due to a ruptured cerebral aneurysm is a potentially fatal condition that
presents as headache. A raised index of suspicion must exist for all patients with sudden, severe headache with or
without associated symptoms. Initial investigation of suspected SAH should be a
noncontrast CT scan. Management of SAH is increasingly becoming endovascular. The outcome for patients with
no or only a mild global or focal neurological deficit on presentation has improved, but pre-hospital mortality and
disability from the initial haemorrhage remains a problem. Unruptured asymptomatic aneurysms are not an urgent
scenario and can be dealt with in consultative outpatient fashion.
Modern Medicine – March 2018
Cutting Heart Rate Reduces Angina Symptoms
Globally, coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of death
and is predicted to remain so for the foreseeable future. Stable angina
pectoris is defined as chest pain that develops when the heart rate
rises, for example, during intense sports or exciting emotions. In such
situations, the blood supply cannot meet the myocardial metabolism
needs, thus leading to angina.
Modern Medicine – March 2018
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension New treatments and the prospect of cure
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a life-threatening disease of the small pulmonary arteries that progresses
to right heart failure and death if untreated. Early diagnosis and timely initiation of therapy is crucial to good
outcomes. PAH must be considered in any patient with unexplained breathlessness. Unexplained breathlessness
should be viewed just as seriously as chest pain. Definitive diagnosis requires right heart catheterisation.
Annual screening for PAH should be undertaken in high risk patient groups, such as those with systemic sclerosis
or past repair of a septal defect. Many efficacious drug therapies are available and combination therapy is now
the evidence-based standard of care.
Modern Medicine – March 2018
Defining Anti-VEGF Therapy Response in n-AMD
The introduction of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) has significantly reduced visual loss due to
neovascular age-related macular degeneration (n-AMD). However there are significant inter-individual differences
in response to an anti-VEGF agent due to a variety of factors including patient’s age, lesion characteristics,
lesion duration, baseline visual acuity (VA) and the presence of particular genotype risk alleles.
Modern Medicine – March 2018
We welcome you to come and read through our latest, February, edition of Modern Medicine.
This month we have a jam packed edition for you. Our features this month include; Diabetes, Gastroenterology, Immunisation, Ethics and many more.
We encourage all of our readers to complete the CPD questionnaire for this edition, this can be done on the answer-form included in the magazine, or on our website CPD system.
Modern Medicine, the journal that’s with you wherever you go.
Type 2 Diabetes: Tailoring a treatment approach
Early and optimal glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes is imperative for reducing microvascular
and potentially macrovascular complications. Glycated haemoglobin remains the key focus of glycaemic
management although targets should be individualised based on age, comorbidities and life expectancy.
Treatment choice should be guided by patient comorbidities, adverse effect profile, acceptability of the
method of administration and cost. Metformin remains first-line treatment unless contraindicated. Insulin may
be considered at any stage, particularly where control is poor. Patients with pre-existing cardiovascular disease
can be safely managed with new agents, including some DPP4-inhibitors, GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT-2
inhibitors and some therapies may offer cardiovascular mortality benefit.
Modern Medicine – February 2018