Understanding the Kidney – Bone Endocrine Axis – MM1705
Bone provides the structural framework for the human body, protecting internal organs and maintaining mineral ion balance. Bone is a target organ for several hormones such as parathyroid hormone, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25(OH)2D], calcitonin and sex hormones. Recent studies found important roles of bone-derived factors including osteocalcin and fibroblast growth factor 23 in systemic regulation of glucose and phosphate metabolism, respectively. Optimal phosphate balance is essential for normal skeletal growth, development and maintenance. However, maintaining optimal phosphate levels is a significant clinical challenge in various osteo-renal diseases because phosphate toxicity has a wide range of harmful effects and because its therapeutic control is difficult, particularly in patients with chronic kidney disease.
Modern Medicine – May 2017
